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Glossary G

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Scroll down this list to find the medical term and its explanation, or click on the link below to jump straight to that section. Click on the table above to choose another letter. Ga Ge Gf Gz Ga Ge Gallstones Hard, stone-like structures formed within the gall bladder. The gall bladder is a small sac found near the liver, which stores a fluid involved in digestion, called bile. Gas exchange The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the air in the lungs. Oxygen moves from air sacs in the lungs into the surrounding blood capillaries, while carbon dioxide passes from the capillaries into the air sacs. Gastric drainage The process of removing the contents of the stomach through a tube, using suction. Gastritis Inflammation of the lining of the stomach. Gastrocolic reflex Automatic (reflex) wave-like movements of the large intestine (bowel), in response to food entering the stomach and small intestine. This moves material through the bowel. Gauze An absorbent fabric with an open weave that is usually made of cotton. Sterile gauze is often used as a material for dressing wounds. Genital Relating to the reproductive organs. Reproductive organs are sometimes referred to as ‘the genitals’. Gf Gz back to top Gland Structures within the body that produce and release certain fluids. There are two types of glands. One type, known as exocrine glands, release the fluids they produce via a tube or duct onto the skin or internal surfaces of the body, e.g., sweat glands, salivary glands. The other type, called endocrine glands, release chemicals called hormones directly into the blood, e.g., the adrenal glands that release the hormone adrenaline. Glycogen A food storage molecule. Glycogen is the main form in which carbohydrates are stored in the body. It can be broken down to form glucose to provide the body with energy. Granulation Normal stage of wound healing where the surface of the wound is covered with a layer of red moist tissue. Grey matter Areas in the brain and spinal cord that consist of unmyelinated nerve cells. Unmyelinated nerve cells are those in which the long thread-like extensions are not covered in a layer of myelin – white, fatty, insulating material. Groin The area at the front of the body where the thighs join the trunk. back to top

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